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The Role of Courts in Wildlife Cases
Courts play an important role in breathing life into the legislative process by interpreting the law. They are bridges between science and law.
Featured Publication, September 2020
THE ROLE OF THE JUDICIARY IN ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE: COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVES, Louis J Kotzé and Alexander R. Paterson, Eds (Kluwer Law International B.V., 2009) Overview This…
Judicial Independence in Adjudicating Over Wildlife Crime Cases
Judicial independence means autonomy of the courts from external actors. It is the ability of the judiciary to carry out its mandate free of influence…
Factors to Consider When Sentencing
(a) Aggravating Factors Aggravating factors are factors that the court takes into account in order to increase the severity of punishment. Prosecutors can offer evidence…
Sentencing Principles
Sentencing principles are the rationales supporting the imposition of penalties and form the basis of sentencing decisions. These principles include: (a) Parsimony This principle dictates…
Featured Publication, July 2020
This book gives the reader a history and background of punishment from the context of the United States of America, China and Saudi Arabia.
Types of Punishment
Types of punishment that may be imposed include capital punishment, imprisonment, judicial corporal punishment, fines, compensation, forfeiture and confiscation, costs, security to keep the peace, security for good behaviour, suspended sentences, discharges, probation, community service and revocation of rights.
Sentencing Regimes; Theories of Punishment
A sentence is a decree of punishment. Sentencing frameworks range from highly prescriptive systems that afford judicial officers very little discretion to systems that allow them to exercise wide discretion.
Conditions for Bail
Introduction Courts have discretionary powers when granting or refusing bail. They may impose conditions on the accused person in addition to the bail amount. Such…
Bail and Bond Regimes
Bail is an agreement between court and the accused person for his/her temporary release from custody pending trial. The accused person is required to make a deposit of either cash or assets as security to attend trial. If the accused person fails to attend court, the bail can be forfeited and the accused person returned to custody.
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